Wolof Grammar: Conjunctions

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The coordinating conjunctions in English are: and, but, or, yet, for, nor & so.

In this post we will be dealing specifically with the and conjunction which in Wolof is ak/ag when connecting nouns and pronouns or te when connecting verbs and phrases.

Below are examples of ak in use:

ak kan? – and who?
man ak yow – me and you
ndey ak baay – mother and father
bile ak bale – this and that
suma xaalis ak sa xaalis – my money and your money

Ak also means with:

mu tase fa ak bukkihe encountered there a hyena
ak jamma – with peace, in peace
kaay ak ñun – come with us
pañe bi dafa fees ak dojthe basket is full of stones
dox na ñaar i fan ak fas am – he went for two days with his horse
mu rendi ko ak paaka – he cut its throat with a knife
kaay lekka ak ñun – come eat with us

When used with numbers ak is used like plus:

fukk ak benn – eleven
fukk ak ñaar – twelve
fukk ak ñett – thirteen

Source: Gambian Wolof – English Dictionary, David P. Gamble.

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